Background: Elite and efficient human resources have vital roles in various levels of national and they are considered as the main factors of growth and development of countries. Lack of this effective capital delays the development process in developing countries. Therefore, identifying the challenges and their proper management is considered very important. The purpose of this article is to identify challenges and strategic priorities of health elites.

Methods: The present study is qualitative study. Women's Health Department of the Academy of Medical Sciences reviewed and analyzed upstream documents and group discussion with the presence of managers related to the country's elite, clinical and health experts in three sessions identified priority issues and challenges related to health elites from the perspective of relevant upstream documents, expert opinions and country conditions.

Results: A set of 27 challenges was developed by analyzing and discussing elite-related issues and upstream document in group discussion sessions; reduction of free quota for entering medical fields, insufficient educational support, lack of executive guarantee for the tasks assigned to the agencies in the country's strategic document on elite affairs
Also, the challenges and problems associated with the three stages of elitism were discussed and summarized: cultivation and identification of elites (4 challenges), leadership of elites (Challenge 5), support and employment of elites (3 challenges).
Conclusion: We are currently facing the phenomenon of elite migration, the presentation of solutions should be developed using the power and capacities of all relevant agencies and organizations. The implementation of the proposed solutions requires appropriate infrastructure and processes, cross-sectoral cooperation and participation of the elite community in order to realize the vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran and gain the position of scientific authority