|
|
|
 |
Search published articles |
 |
|
Showing 9 results for Legislation
Dr. Mohammad Bagher Saberizafarghandi, Dr. Jafar Bolhari, Dr. Seyed Hossein Salimi, Dr. Ali Fathi-Ashtiani, Dr. Siavash Lajevardi, Dr. Imran Mohammad Razzaghi, Dr. Neda Vahed, Dr. Ahmad Ali Noorbala, Dr. Mohammad Hossein Niknam,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (3-2019)
Abstract
Abstract:
Background: Addiction has always been one of the main challenges of the country. Due to The complexity of addiction dimensions, Comprehensive review, Understanding and solving the challenges ahead is essential. Observation of the mental health status and addiction is one of the duties of the mental health group of the Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences. The group consists of leading academic professors and executive experts in the field of mental health, sociology and science of addiction. The group tries to provide a forum for the promotion of mental health in the framework of the general mission of the Academy.
To do this, simultaneously with the consensus of experts, it uses the scientific, cultural, and Islamic capacities of the country. The main purpose of the meetings was to analyze the current status of addiction in the country, in order to provide practical suggestions for improving the situation.
We hope that with the implementation of these suggestions, we will see improvements.
Method: During the meeting, the participants participated in scientific lecture, critiques and presenting the data on the importance of the addiction topic; the prevalence, treatment, structure, and law of countering narcotics in country and its Executive actions. In this context, eight sessions(sessions27to34) in years95-96focused on the concept, the state of addiction and its challenges ahead in Iran compared with the world.
Results: The findings of this meeting, in the form of the conclusion of considered issues picked up from mentioned specialized meeting are set out. Studying the facing addiction challenges of the considered issues to inform the relevant authorities has been the result of the group's consensus.
Conclusion: Considering the importance of the concept of addiction and considering its challenges ahead, the results of this specialized meeting on studying this issue and providing suggestions to inform to answerable organizations, policy makers or administrators, will be practical.
Dr. Mostafa Jafari, Dr. Mohammad Javad Rezaeizadeh, Dr. Bijan Abbasi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background: Today, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the key industries and strategies in the world. Due to its effect on human health and human societies, medicine has always been one of the most important pillars of healthcare. Accordingly, it is always a special priority of governments to provide and supply the medicine needed by the society, even in the most critical conditions of the country. So the question is, can the right to health be an effective factor in promoting the drug legal system and access to appropriate pricing and quality drugs? The purpose of this paper was to investigate the Iranian pharmaceutical legal system from the perspective of the right to public health, including access to drugs and the impact on health, price and distribution in society.
Methods: This study was performed by reviewing credible national documents.
Results: The research hypothesis is that the right to health can play an effective role in the pharmaceutical legal system. Medicine its trade and health are interrelated, as the drug improves health and wellness leads to development. The right to health is one of the most important rights recognized in international documents and treaties and domestic documents of Iran, especially the Constitution and the five-year economic, social and cultural development plan and the 20-year vision document of the system recognized and approved by legislators and politicians. The right to health is part of the fundamental rights of citizens in any society. Every citizen, as a member of society, regardless of racial, religious, political or cultural considerations, has the right to benefit from it .
Conclusion: ‘The right to health’ can be one of the important factors in promoting and improving the quality of life and also be effective in the legal pharmaceutical system. The importance and attention of government officials and legislators of the pharmaceutical system can play an important role in improving the health of society, so they can properly plan ways to protect society and people’s health from harmful drugs
Dr. Nazila Yousefi, Dr. Amir Reza Dowlati, Dr. Khosrow Bayati, Dr. Amir Hossein Jamshidi, Dr. Morteza Nilforushan, Dr. Morteza Rafiee Tehrani,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (3-2021)
Abstract
Background: Nutritional supplements have long been one of the most important health products in the world. The therapeutic approach of traditional medicine in Iran is restoring balance in the body based on nutrition. In modern medicine, nutritional supplements maintain and promote health. Nutritional supplements in modern medicine supplement the substances that humans need to obtain from sources other than food to compensate for the lack of these substances.
Today, various needs such as reduced mobility due to mechanization of activities, changes in diet and use of prepared foods, non-organic food, environmental pollution, food diversity reduction, renders nutritional supplements more important. The market is expanding rapidly..Nomenclature of these products, their legal requirements, claims, applications and related requirements vary from country to country.
Methods: This study examines the regulation of nutritional supplements in Iran compared with some other countries. This study done via a mixed method, included reviewing the regulation of nutritional supplements in Iran and the world, interviewing experts, and use of a questionnaire based survey.
Results: According to the results of this study, the Iranian regulatory situation is well regulated and the nutritional products in Iran have good quality, safety, efficiency and pharmaceutical quality.
Conclusion: Although the regulations in Iran properly granted safety, efficacy, and quality of nutritional supplements, in terms of access (accessibility, availability, and affordability), there are still problems that need to be addressed by policymakers in the health system.
Dr. Maryam Rahbari Bonab, Dr. Reza Majdzadeh, Dr. Fatemeh Rajabi, Dr. Abouali Vedadhir,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
Background: The aim of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is to ensure receiving essential health services without financial hardship. Good governance in the health system guarantees success in UHC. Meaningful public participation in the health policy-making cycle is one of the vital and challenging aspects of good health governance. Considering the role and importance of legislation in formation and sustainability of participatory decision-making and good governance approach in the health sector, this study endeavors to survey the alignment of the 1st-6th development plans with the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) Constitution regarding public participation approach in the health sector since 1989.
Methods: This study is designed and implemented as a qualitative Study. Data was extracted from legal documents including the development plan laws from 1989-2016, and IRI Constitution Law approved in 1989 and its subsequent amendments. Content analysis was carried out in a summative method.
Results: During the years under review, governments have always received the necessary legal mandate in their program to attract public financial participation in the construction sector or to pay part of health care costs, which is in accordance with the 29th Article of the Constitution based on health rights for the Iranian population.
According to various constitutional principles such as; Paragraph eight of the third principle, paragraph three of the forty-third principle and the one-hundredth principle, the engagement of the population in identifying issues and making appropriate decisions in the administration of the country, including the health sector, is recognize, but there is no legislation in the government development plans to implement these laws.
Conclusion: Despite the emphasis on upstream legislation and the existence of two structures, the High Council for Health and Food Security, the High Council for Health Insurance at the national level and the Islamic town and village councils at the local level, governments have focused on participatory budgeting in health rather than participatory policymaking, during the years under review in this study.
Given the importance of social participation in health sector decisions in eliminating or reducing inequalities in use of health services, suggestions for the government and Ministry of Health and Medical Education are represented.
Dr Morteza Nilforoushan, Dr Morteza Azarnoosh, Dr Ahmad Shibani, Ms. Moona Shahbazi, Dr Khosrow Bayati, Dr. Hesamodin Sharifnia, Dr Hamidreza Arabloo,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
Background:Proposed in 1979, the generic policy, aimed to provide easy access to all the more medicines, themain important result of which is reducing pharmaceutical costs and decreasing importation. Since 1999, pharma branding in Iran was initatedby pharmaceutical companies. Therefore, companies used the brand-generic name in order to maintain the market share and also sell the drugs at a higher price and gain more market share by distinguishing drug names.
Methods: In this investigation, Iran's modern pharmaceutical system and achievements after the Islamic revolution, wereinvestigated via collecting statistics and documents regarding the conditions of generic and brand-generic drugs.
Results: Despite two decades of the national pharmaceutical policy, based on generic drugs, the percentage of generic drugs decreased from 69% to 50%, from 2012to 2021and the number of brand-generic drugs increased. Among the top one hundred best-selling drugs, 38% have brand-generic names. Regardingthe financial burden and costs imposed on patients and insurance companies due toprescribing brand-generic drugs, it is estimated to have increased from 51% in 2018 to 84% in 2013 and then to 69% in 2017 compared withtotal costs.
Conclusion: In strategic documents and general policies of Iran’s health system, including the statement of the Supreme Leader, promotion of generic drugs in the health system has been approved. However, from the operational view, the trend has been to the contraryand towards brand-generic drugs. Reasons include: product differentiation, increasing market share by introducing products and increasing the price of drugs. The desire of companies to obtain licenses with brand-generic names is based on three different policies of Iran FDA and ministry of Healththat have facilitated this issueand include: medicine naming regulations, medicines pricing regulations, marketing regulations and promotion of pharmaceutical products.
Miss Masoomeh Gholami, Dr. Amirhossein Takian, Dr. Mohammad Javad Kabir, Dr. Alireza Olyaeemanesh, Dr. Mehrdad Mohammadi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: Despite numerous laws and regulations related to access to information and transparency, there are many problems in their implementation. The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the challenges facing laws and documents related to transparency in the health system of Iran.
Methods: Documents, laws and regulations related to issues of access to information, transparency, and disclosure of information from various fields were collected and analyzed using the READ approach. After systematic naming of documents and laws, their information was entered in a table, after which different parts of each document were carefully analyzed and compared.
Results: There are numerous documents, laws and regulations on the issue of access to information and transparency, but the lack of enforcement for these laws and regulations has caused inefficiency. Some of these documents, laws and guidelines are in conflict with each other and some have shortcomings. Often, there is a long time gap between the drafting of the bill, the approval of the law and enforcement of executive instructions. Sometimes, unawarness of the method of identifying and separating privacy information and personal information causes problems in implementation.
Conclusion: Attention to enforcement while developing transparency and access to information is a fundamental necessity, in order to prevent introduction of a multitude of ineffective laws. Drafting of laws and regulations in terms of form and content should be in such a way that the possibility of misunderstanding and violation of them is minimized. Approval of bills and executive regulations must be achieved at the appointed time, so that the laws are implemented at the right time and have the required effectiveness
Dr. Farhad Fatehi, Dr. Mahnaz Samadbeik, Dr. Saeed Akhlaghpour, Dr. Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: Telemedicine or remote medicine refers to provision of medical services using information and communication technology, where the provider and recipient of the health service are geographically far from each other. In this study, the clinical, ethical, legal, as well as security and confidentiality aspects of health information in telemedicine have been discussed.
Methods: The present article is a narrative review paper that has been prepared based on the authors' experiences and a review of relevant literature.
Results: Physician training on patient safety in telemedicine, preparing patients to accept this kind of technology, and building medical equipment related to remote clinical examinations are very important issues that must be addressed for the successful implementation of telemedicine. Creating medical information infrastructure, including legal infrastructure and obtaining necessary licenses and obligations, can provide a suitable platform for legal and ethical issues in telemedicine and play a significant role in its successful implementation and increased acceptance.
Conclusion: Telemedicine is proposed as a potent solution for improving healthcare access in remote regions, reducing expenses, and addressing challenges related to patient travel. To promote adoption of telemedicine, it is crucial to focus on creating well-defined regulations, implementing quality control systems, fostering interactive platforms, considering ethical and legal aspects, providing comprehensive training, and formulating policies to facilitate the integration of telemedicine services.
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
The "National Pharmaceutical System" or "Generic Plan" was formed with the aim of providing access to necessary medicines for all society members, with appropriate quality and acceptable costs, based on the nationalization of pharmaceutical factories, the use of generic names for all manufactured and imported medicines, the centralized import of medicines by governmental companies, centralized distribution of medicines nationwide by several distribution companies, and scientific introduction of medicines under generic names and without pharmaceutical advertising. This statement, while examining the challenges, emphasizes the precise implementation of the solutions stipulated in the law.
Dr. Mohsen Najafikhah1, Dr. Mohsen Hoseinzade2, Dr. Omid Abdolahian3,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
Background: Paragraph 10 of the “General Policies of the Legislative System” emphasized on "Determining the Titles of Codes". Based on this, "Health Code" is designated as one of the titles of Codes along with 52 other titles. One of the basic steps in the codification is to determine the main topics and subjects and, in this way, to explain the content of the health code.
Methods: By going into to the official texts of laws enacted since 1906, the following steps have been taken to extract the main topics of the Health Code and categorize them in an orderly structure. 1. Searching for laws in the field of health, 2. Classification of legal provisions in the primary subject list, 3. Identifying valid legal provisions from invalid ones, 4. Modifying the primary classification and extracting the final plan of the Health Code.
Results: Review of about 12,500 laws enacted by the Iran's parliament shows that legal provision in the field of health can be classified under four main headings, including "health system management", "Health and medical affairs", "Medicine, medical equipment, food, drink and Cosmetics" and "professional organizations, compulsory health services and Administrative and employment affairs".
Conclusion: By using the factors of "subject", "historical background", " quantity of rules", "importance", "experience of other countries" and also paying attention to the "institutional component", the existence of "Health Code" can be justified. These standards also open the way for making decisions about challenging and controversial issues.
|
|
