1. 1.Syed Ameri MH, Qurbandi MA. Explaining strategies for attracting and increasing citizen participation in public and recreational programs. Research in Sport Management & Motor Behavior 2012; 2(4): 23-34. [In Persian]

2. 2.Chen Q, Liu T. The effectiveness of community sports provision on social inclusion and public health in rural China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020; 17(2): 597.

3. 3.Purkiani M, Hamidi M, Goodarzi M, Khabiri M. Analysis of the effect of professional and championship sports on the development of sports. Sports Management Studies 2017; 9 (42): 55-72. [In Persian]

4. 4.Hosseinpour E, Bagheri G, Amiry M. Designing Safety model in Sports (Using Grounded Theory). Iran Occupational Health 2018; 15(4): 34-49. [In Persian]

5. 5.Jalali Farahani M. Sport Facilities Management. Tehran: University Tehran press; 2011. [In Persian].

6. 6.Mousavi SJ. Investigating the effective factors on the end of the championship period of professional athletes. Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior 2011; 10(20): 143-154. [In Persian]

7. 7.Shah Mansouri E, Muzaffari SA. Study recessionary factors Sports in the field of hardware, software, and John Ware. J Sports Sci 2005; 12: 87-106 [In Persian].

8. 8.Alfermann D, Stambulova N. Career transitions and career termination. Tenenbaum & R. C. Eklund (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2007.

9. 9.Perlin LI. Life strains and distress in maturity. Speech at the 7th annual conference for helpers of adults. University of Maryland; 1982.

10. 10.Ristolainen L, Kettunen JA, Kujala UM, Heinonen A. Sport injuries as the main cause of sport career termination among Finnish top-level athletes. European Journal of Sport Science 2012; 12(3): 274-82.

11. 11.Moesch K, Mayer C, Elbe AM. Reasons for Career Termination in Danish Elite Athletes: Investigating Gender Differences and the Time-point as Potential Correlates. Sport Science Review 2012; 5(6): 49-68.

12. 12.Park S, Tod D, Lavallee D. Exploring the retirement from sport decision-making process based on the trans theoretical model. Psychology of sport & exercise 2012; 13(4): 444-453.

13. 13.Hemmatinezhad M, Benar N, Hashemi M, Moemeni S. The causes of career termination from sport and their relationship to post-retirement difficult among professional athletes in Iran. International Journal of Sport Studies 2013; 3(1): 111-116. [In Persian].

14. 14.Mirab Mortazavi MA, Alizadeh MH. The effect of early retirement due to severe sports injuries on the quality of life of elite athletes M.Sc. Thesis, University of Tehran; 2014. [In Persian]

15. 15.Wylleman P., Theeboom M., & Lavallee D. Successful athletic careers. In C. Spielberger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of applied psychology. New York: Elsevier; 2004.

16. 16.Ogilvie BC, Taylor J. Career termination issues among elite athletes. Handbook of research on sport psychology; 1993: pp761-75.

17. 17.Patsourakou E. Perceptions about career termination among Greek female elite athletes; 2010. Available at: https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/ 2134/6253

18. 18.Ogilvie BC, Howe M. Career crisis in sport. InProceedings of the fifth world congress of sport psychology; 1982: pp176-183

19. 19.Lavallee D, Robinson HK. In pursuit of an identity: A qualitative exploration of retirement from women's artistic gymnastics. Psychology of sport and exercise 2007; 8(1): 119-41.

20. 20.Polkinghorne D. Polkinghorne, Donald, Methodology for the Human Sciences: Systems of Inquiry. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 1983.

21. 21.Nicol R. Entering the Fray: The role of outdoor education in providing nature-based experiences that matter. Educational Philosophy and Theory 2014; 46(5): 449-61.

22. 22.Nieswiadomy RM. Foundation of nursing research (3rd ed.). USA: Appleton and Lange; 1998.

23. 23.Colaizzi PF. The descriptive methods and the types of subject-matter of a phenomenologically based psychology exemplified by the phenomenon of learning. Duquesne University; 1969.

24. 24.Hashemi M. Evaluation of reasons and effects of withdrawal from sports in professional athletes in Guilan province. Master Thesis, University of Guilan; 2012. [In Persian].

25. 25.Svoboda B, Vanek M. Retirement from high level competition. InProceedings of the 5th world congress of sport psychology; 1982: pp.166-175.

26. 26. Werthner P, Orlick T. Retirement experiences of successful Olympic athletes. International journal of sport psychology 1986; 17(5): 337–363.

27. 27.Williams JM, Andersen MB. Psychosocial antecedents of sport injury: Review and critique of the stress and injury model'. Journal of applied sport psychology 1998; 10(1): 5-25.

28. 28.Johnson, U. "Sport Injury, Psychology and Intervention: An overview of empirical findings". Available at: www.idrotts forum.org

29. 29.Hill P, Lowe B. The inevitable metathesis of the retiring athlete. International Review of Sport Sociology 1974; 9(3):5-32.

30. 30.Curtis J, Ennis R. Negative consequences of leaving competitive sport? Comparative findings for former elite-level hockey players. Sociology of Sport Journal 1988; 5(2): 87-106.

31. 31.Baillie PH, Danish SJ. Understanding the career transition of athletes. The sport psychologist 1992; 6(1): 77-98.

32. 32.Messner MA. Power at play: Sports and the problem of masculinity. Beacon Press; 1992.

33. 33.Kerr G, Dacyshyn A. The retirement experiences of elite, female gymnasts. Journal of applied sport psychology 2000; 12(2): 115-33.

34. 34.Erpič SC, Wylleman P, Zupančič M. The effect of athletic and non-athletic factors on the sports career termination process. Psychology of sport and exercise 2004; 5(1): 45-59.

35. 35.Torregrosa M, Boixados M, Valiente L, Cruz J. Elite athletes’ image of retirement: the way to relocation in sport. Psychology of sport and exercise 2004; 5(1): 35-43.

36. 36.Lavallee D, Wylleman P. Career transitions in sport: International perspectives. Fitness Information Technology; 2000.

37. 37.Tojari F, Moshgelgosha E. Process of Transition from Athletics to Retirement: Charner & Scholssberg Model. Sport Management Studies 2013; 5(19): 63-80. [In Persian]

38. 38.Taylor J, Ogilvie B. "Career transition among athletes: is there life after sports?" In: J, M, Williams, ed, Applied Sport Psychology: Personal Growth to Peak Performance, Mountain View. CA: Mayfield; 2001.pp 480-496.

39. 39.Norouzi Seyed Hossini R. Understanding Lived Experience of Iranian Professional Athletes from COVID-19 Pandemic (A Phenomenological Approach). Sport Management Studies 2020; 12(61): 217-240. [In Persian]

40. 40.Yeung NC, Lau JT, Choi KC, Griffiths S. Population responses during the pandemic phase of the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 epidemic, Hong Kong, China. Emerging infectious diseases 201; 23(5): 813.

41. 41.Ramezaninejad R, Kafi SM, Jahanraad N, Reihani M. A survey of athletes' stressors in selected Iranian national teams. Sport Management and Development 2017; 5(2): 127-45. [In Persian]