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Showing 12 results for Social Determinant
Dr. Masoud Peseshkian,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Islamic Revolution sought the implementation of justice, eradication of poverty, and provision of the healthcare needs of the community and this led to the establishment of the "National Health Network System". The goals of health equity and equitable access to basic and universal healthcare services, for all people, materialized relatively quickly. The main goal was to provide healthcare to all regardless of socio-economic status and locale, so that basic healthcare services may be rendered without difficulty.
Method: The relevant publications on healthcare equity and social determinants of health were identified through a literature review of major local and international databases assessed and documented.
Results: The important policies rendered in the line of healthcare equity included the
establishment of the primary national healthcare network, the integration of medical education into the healthcare delivery system, the generic drug project. and the health insurance system. Further strengthening and development of these projects ensured equitable, accessible and essential healthcare services for all, especially those in remote areas of the country.
Conclusion: Maintaining, promoting and restoring health, establishing equity in healthcare and minimizing avoidable differences in rendering healthcare are among the most important goals of the healthcare system of Iran. The achievements now four decades onward , were in line with the most fundamental goals of the healthcare system. Attaining ideal goals and seeking justice in all aspects of the healthcare system, is in line with future efforts to be pursued in this regard.
Dr. Hamed Hosseinzadeh, Dr. Khalil Alimohammadzadeh,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background: In addition to the conceptual appeal of "social health", one of the reasons for the success of this concept is that it offers a summary of social conditions. This conclusion can be a good indicator and an analytical tool for researchers in different sciences. Applied sociologists, social pathologists, and development planners have done a great deal of research on social health dimensions and factors affecting it. This research aims to scientifically study the impact of quality of governance on promoting social health indicators in the society.
Methods: This descriptive survey based on data collection is a correlational one in terms of data analysis. The statistical population of this study consisted of 110 senior and middle managers in the field of governance and health, scientific experts, managers, professors and faculty members of universities as the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology and Health, Medical Education and Research Institutions. The multi-stage cluster sampling method.
Results: The findings of this study showed that 57.3% of social health changes are predicted by the governance and the rest of the changes depend on other factors and variables that were not included in the model. It was also found that the endogenous construct of social health (0.207) was positive and at an appropriate level, indicating the good predictive power of the model with respect to this variable.
Conclusion: After reviewing the measurement models, it became clear that by increasing one standard deviation in governance, social health would increase by 0.757 standard deviation. In fact, good governance will improve social health.
Dr. Alireza Marandi,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background: Effect of social determinants on health is the base of inequity in health of society. These factors have a main role in the spread of infectious and non-communicable diseases in community. Biological and genetic factors affect only 15%, health system about 25% and social determinants in 50% and in a number of studies, 75% affect people's health. In this article, the impact of social determinants on health is discussed.
Methods: This research is a review study using national and international references and also the views and experiences of the author.
Results: Social determinants include economic, cultural, environmental, social and political factors. People's health is more related to social factors than to medical care. Social determinants have various effects on the health of different communities and as a result, health indicators vary between countries and even within country. Several strategies are proposed to control the factors affecting health: controlling lethal diseases and improving the health system, reducing poverty, improving conditions of people live and work, prioritizing expenditure on health rather than medical technology, necessity for planning and supervising on private section .
Conclusion: It is necessary to perform two activity to ensure equity in health. Development of the health network of the country, and assessing the social determinants of health as much as possible which have a share of at least fifty percent in promoting the health of community and individuals. Implementing these two very valuable actions that lead to the establishment of equity in health requires national decision, people's participation and trans-sectoral cooperation.
Dr. Hossein Malekafzali, Dr. Bahareh Malekafzali,
Volume 4, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background: Achieving universal health is not possible without achieving equity. Equity in health means reducing or eliminating those factors that are the cause of health inequalities. Inequalities that can be avoided, and are actually unfairly distributed among different sections of society. In this article, the most important factors related to equity in health and its related indicators are presented.
Methods: This article describes 69 indicators developed in collaboration with related institutions and approved by the honorable office of the President of the Islamic Republic.
Results: Thirty eight of these indicators are related to health, 12 are related to physical environment and infrastructure, 10 are related to social and human development, 4 are related to economic development and 5 are related to proper governance. The most important of these indicators are: poverty, discrimination, lack of jobs, inadequate income, low literacy, illiteracy, inadequate housing and employment, lack of clean and safe environment, lack of efficient affordable services, low professional ethics in the health system, lack of security and food safety, lack of social support and inadequate to proper transportation.
Conclusion:. In assessing equity in health and, more importantly, developing and execution of strategies to reduce or eliminate inequities, it is necessary to define indicators specifically for monitoring and measuring various aspects of health equity in the areas of social, cultural, economic and political determinants in addition to the common measures in the field of health and safety. Such “health equity indicators” must be measured and expressed with regard to common demographic variables (such as gender, place of residence, economic and social groups, etc”) to be an effective tool to reduce or eliminate inequalities. It requires effective participation and close collaboration of people, governmental institutions, and non-governmental organizations.
It is expected that by using these indicators and evaluating their effectiveness, one can begin to reduce inequalities
Dr. Abbas Pasandideh,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (6-2021)
Abstract
Background: Social health is one of the substantial dimensions of human health, one of its two implications is about interpersonal perception, which means how relationships and social interactions are. The purpose of this study is thus to investigate this kind of perception of social health in Islamic resources.
Methods: In this research, a mix method is used: the classical descriptive-analytical method in the study of religious resources, and the panel of experts to determine the validity of findings.
Results: The research finding is that, from the twenty-four main concepts of social health, eleven components were obtained: social honor and defense, social dignity, social restraint, social security / safety, social effort, social capital, social uprightness, social trust, social bonding, social exhilaration, and social ornament. From the analysis of the components, five dimensions were obtained: affective dimension (bond + differentiation), emotional dimension exhilaration + ornament, personality (social dignity), need (capital + trust) and security of communication (social security).
Conclusion: The results show that social health can be improved by focusing on the eleven components and planning for improvement and finding a pathological way for the current situation.
Dr. Abbas Pasandideh,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background: Social health is one of the most important aspects of human health, and among these, one of the most important issues is the social situations in which the components of social health occur. The purpose of this study is to investigate social health situations in Islamic sources.
Methods: In this research, a combined method: the classical descriptive-analytical method in the study of religious sources, and a panel of experts to determine the validity of the findings were used.
Results: The research finding is that the twenty-four main concepts of social health appear in ten social situations namely: 1) The possessions of others, 2) the deprivation of others, 3) the fate of others, 4) the good received, 5) the bad received, 6) the honor received 7) interpersonal emotions, 8) communication excitement, 9) social covenants, 10) communication format. These situations are either directed at the person who has an active nature, or at others who have a reactive nature, or has a reciprocal and action-reactive nature.
Conclusion: The result is that social health can be improved by focusing on these ten situations and planning focused on individual action, reacting to the behavior of others, and adjusting behavior to the cause of interaction.
Dr. Farhad Nosrati Nejad, Mr. Hojjat Sharifi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2022)
Abstract
Background: Since the concept of social health is used by scientific community and policymakers, this research has endeavored to demonstrate the meaning of social health in Iranian studies.
Methods: This study is a systematic review of all articles published in the SID database up to February 2019 using the PRISM guideline (PRISM). After an initial screening, articles were analyzed according to methodological features, theoretical bases and scientific field of study.
Results: Both social sciences and health researchers studied social health. Only 17.5% of articles are descriptive studies. 43.57% of the articles did not define social health or there was no consistency between their definition of social health and what was measured. Theoretically, more than 55% was based on Keyes's theory. Conceptually, social health was defied in different ways and social health and social well-being were used interchangeably.
Conclusion: In general, there is no acceptable consensus about the concept of social health in social health studies in Iran. Moreover, due to the method of sampling and the statistical population of the studies, this study cannot present a picture of the social health situation in Iran.
Volume 6, Issue 3 (12-2022)
Abstract
The growth of elderly population over the next two decades, and the current challenges related to provision of services and care for this group, as well as insufficiency of geriatrics specialists, barriers to implementing home-based health care programs, and deficiencies in social protection laws, have turned the elderly issues into one of the most important demographic concerns ofthe health system. The Health and International Cooperation Group in partnership with the Elderly Health Office of MOHME, the Scientific Association of the Elderly of Iran and the United Nations Population Fund, has identified nine key challenges and provided appropriated solutions in the form of a Policy brief on Aging.
Dr Serajeddin Mahmoudiani, Dr. Ahmad Dorahaki, Dr. Kiyana Ghaedi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (6-2023)
Abstract
Background: Health literacy is one of the most important indicators that can affect the status and severity of health-oriented behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate factors related to health literacy.
Methods: This research studied 385 people aged 18 to 65 years in Shiraz in southern Iran by survey method and using cluster sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistics and statistical tests comparing means (t and f), Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression.
Results: Bivariate analysis showed that with health literacy is directly related to increasing age, number of years of education, and income. These analyses also showed that marital status, employment status, ethnicity, and class affiliation have a statistically significant relationship with health literacy. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the variables of number of years of education, religion, and status of employment (housewife) have a significant effect on the health literacy of respondents.
Conclusion: Adolescents, housewives, and religious minorities can be considered vulnerable groups that should be given special attention in programs and policies related to promoting health literacy.
Dr Narges Tabrizchi,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
Background: Social health is a dimension of health that affects other aspects. Social health deals with people's relationships with each other and their interactions in the society, but there is not a single approved definition by all international organizations. Due to diversity of definitions for social health, various indicators have been introduced to measure it. The purpose of this article is to introduce macro social health indicators.
Methods: The research approach in this study is a mixed method. Initially, a list of indicators was extracted via systematic review. In the qualitative phase, the prepared list was evaluated and scored by experts in the field of social health (as members of the scientific committee). Prioritization was achieved based on average scores.
Results: Finally, 50 articles were included in the study. Priority macro indicators of social health include the following:
Number of prisoners, divorce number (ratio of divorce to marriage), poverty, suicide, school drop-out rate, child labor rate, youth incarceration rate, homicide, security, environmental performance index, social capital, equality of income opportunities )Gini index), legalism (rule of law), social justice feeling, political participation index (e.g., vote in presidential elections).
Conclusion: Using the list of macro indicator priorities and conducting periodical surveys, policy makers and scientific societies could have a true picture of social health and its trend. Social healthpromoting programs could then be designed accordingly.
Volume 7, Issue 3 (12-2023)
Abstract
All governments should plan and for the comprehensive health of all people. For this purpose, in this documentary, the most important priorities of the health system have been emphasized: Addressing social determinant of health, development of health equity, correct and accurate implementation of all clauses of the general health policies, and collaboration between all relevant departments.
Dr. Mohammad Hassan Kalantar Neyestanaki, Dr. Minoo Asadzandi , Dr. Seyed Morteza Hosseini ,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background: The goal of Iran's health system is developing the spiritual health of the society affected by the social determinants of health. The aim of the study was providing a "policy brief" to adjust the social determinants of the spiritual health of the community.
Methods: This two-stage qualitative study included Islamic future research based on the Manteghi et al. model with the following stages: 1) Analytical: non-systematic review of evidence with the PRISMA protocol and analysis with the Walker and Avant conceptual analysis model; 2) Interpretation: based on the theory of spiritual personality and the pathology theory of the Sound Heart Model; 3) Intuitive: content analysis of interviews with 25 national experts, and a study based on grounded theory with the systematic method of Strauss and Corbin and three-stage coding (open, central and selective) of "interview data" with five professors and students.
Results: Challenges in three areas needed to be corrected in terms of causal factors (adjustment of social conditions, correcting the method of spiritual education, supervising the functioning of social models) to create knowledge of religion, positive perception of God and safe attachment to God. These areas included: 1) Research: neglecting the paradigmatic difference between Islam and Catholic Christianity in Islamic spiritual health research, limited use of religious evidence by academics, lack of theorizing; 2) Educational: lack of spiritual health education in universities, lack of training of spiritual mentor professors; and 3) Clinical: neglect of social determinants of spiritual health, lack of standards for providing spiritual health services, lack of assessment of the competences of spiritual caregivers.
Conclusion: Implementation of the self-care empowerment program, reforming the spiritual education method, focusing on modeloriented education in educational centers, policymaking to deepen spirituality in the society are the main strategies of compassionate spiritual governance of the health system to promote the spiritual health of the society.
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