fa اصول نظریّه‌ معنویّت اسلامی عمومى General مروري Review Article <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&laquo;معنویّت&raquo; از مهمترین ابعاد دین اسلام است و سلامت معنوی، در نگرش اسلامی، حاصل و برآیند این بعد مهم می‌باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، کشف ارکان معنویت و اصول نظریه معنویّت اسلامی است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه ابتدا با روش نقلی به بررسی متون معتبر اسلامی (قرآن و حدیث) در باب معنویت پرداخته، سپس با روش اجتهادی و عقلی به استنباط ارکان معنویّت و اصول نظریه معنویّت اسلامی از این متون منتقل شده است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">یافته‌ها:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">معنویّت اسلامی بر چهار رکن استوار است: </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">الف) &laquo;توحید&raquo;، که حقیقت معنویّت و مهمترین اصل آن است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ب) &laquo;عالم غیب&raquo; (ملکوت)، مراد از آن، وجه پنهان و برتر هستی است. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پ) &laquo;عالم شهادت&raquo; (ملک)، مراد از آن، وجه آشکار و فروتر هستی است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ت) &laquo;انسان معناوَرز&raquo;، مراد از آن، انسانی است که در صدد فرارفتن و رهایی از قید و بند مُلک برای ارتباط با ملکوت هستی است. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">ارکان معنویّت اسلامی را می‌توان در قالب دهها گزاره‌ی بنیادین &laquo;هستی‌شناختی&raquo;، &laquo;معرفت‌شناختی&raquo;، &laquo;انسان‌شناختی&raquo; و &laquo;معنویّت‌شناختی&raquo; بیان کرد. این ارکان، از مجموعه‌ی اصول و گزاره‌های بنیادینی تشکیل می‌شود که بیست و چهار مورد از مهم‌ترین آنها در این مقاله طرح و شرح شده است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt"><span style="line-height:18pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:-0.15pt"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></b> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span b="" mitra="" style="font-family:">ارکان چهارگانه‌ نظریّه معنویّت اسلامی، از مجموعه‌ گزاره‌های بنیادینی شکل می‌گیرد که عموماً قابلیّت ارجاع و استناد به آیات و روایات را دارند. مجموع این گزاره‌ها، ضمن تبیین ارکان معنویّت اسلامی، آن را از دیگر مسلک‌های سنّتی و نوپدید متمایز می‌سازد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Background</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">: &quot;Spirituality&quot; is one of the most important dimensions of Islam, and spiritual health is the result of this important dimension in the Islamic perspective. The purpose of the present study is to discover the pillars of spirituality and the principles of the theory of Islamic spirituality.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Methods</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">: This research initially analyzed genuine Islamic texts, specifically the Quran and Hadith, regarding spirituality through a narrative approach. Subsequently, it employed ijtihad and rational methodologies to derive the foundational elements of spirituality and the principles underlying the theory of Islamic spirituality from these texts. </span><span lang="FA" dir="RTL" style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Rasults</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">: Islamic spirituality is based on four pillars:</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt">A) &quot;Tawheed&quot;, which is the reality of spirituality and its most important principle.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt">b) &quot;Unseen world&quot; (<i>Malakut</i>), meaning the hidden and superior aspect of being.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt">C) &quot;Seen world&quot; (<i>Mulk</i>), meaning the obvious and inferior aspect of being.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt">D) &quot;Spiritual human being&quot;, meaning a human being who seeks to move forward and free himself from the limitations of <i>Mulk</i> in order to communicate with <i>Malakut</i>.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:10.0pt">The pillars of Islamic spirituality can be expressed in forms of &quot;ontological&quot;, &quot;epistemological&quot;, &quot;anthropological&quot; and &quot;spiritual&quot; propositions. These pillars consist of a set of fundamental principles and propositions, twenty-four of the most important of which have been proposed and described in this article.</span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">Conclusion</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt">: The four pillars of the theory of Islamic spirituality are formed from a set of fundamental propositions that generally have the ability to refer and cite Qur&#39;anic verses and Hadiths. The sum of these propositions, while explaining the pillars of Islamic spirituality, distinguishes it from other traditional and emerging schools.</span></span></span></span></div> اسلام, سلامت معنوی, معنویت Islam, Spiritual Health, Spirituality 230 236 http://ijhp.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-366&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Ali Akbar Rashad علی‌اکبر رشاد 10031947532846007329 10031947532846007329 Yes of the Research Institute for Islamic Culture and Thought and Teacher of Advanced Level of Islamic jurisprudence and Usul al-Fiqh at Tehran Hawzah, Tehran, Iran پژوهشگاه فرهنگ و اندیشه اسلامی و مدرس خارج فقه و اصول حوزه علمیه تهران، ایران